Use accounting templates Example

Essays on Use accounting templates Essay Entities prepare journals to record the transactions entered into during a particular period. In all the transactions, the double entry requirements must be adhered to. After recording the entries in the journal, the entries are then posted to the trial balance before preparing the final financial statements (Dyckman, Magee Pfeiffer, 2011). From the income statements, a firm’s net profit is calculated whole the balance sheets shows the assets and liabilities of the firms. Date Transaction Debit (Dhs) Credit (Dhs) January 1 cash 180000 capital 180000 (to record amount cash invested In business) 3 Prepaid rent 12000 cash 12000 To record rent paid 4 equipment 20000 cash 20000 To record purchase of equipment 5 Prepaid insurance 15000 Cash 15000 Payment of insurance in advance 6 furniture 10000 Creditors(Cartin) 10000 Acquisition of furniture on credit 7 Supplies 30000 Cash 30000 To record payment of supplies 9 advertisement 20000 Creditors (Gulf newspaper) 20000 Records amount owed to gulf newspaper 10 Cash 40000 Creditors(Alsafa) 40000 Record prepaid audit income 11 Debtors 60000 Audit income 60000 Records audit income owing 12 Creditors (Catrin) 50000 Cash 50000 Records cash payment to Catrin 18 Creditors(Gulf newspaper) 15000 Cash 15000 Records advertisement cost paid to Gulf newspaper) 25 Cash 80000 Consulting income 80000 To record amount earned for consulting services 26 capital 20000 cash 20000 To record amount withdrawn from business 28 Creditors (Al Safa) 40000 Auditing income 40000 To record audit income earned 29 Utility expense 12000 cash 12000 To record amount incurred on utility 30 salaries 8000 cash 8000 To record salary payment 31 rent 1000 Prepaid rent 1000 To record rent expense 31 Insurance 1250 Prepaid insurance 1250 To record insurance expense General ledgers Trial balance as at 31th January 2010 Particulars Debit ( Dhs) Credit (Dhs) Cash 118,000 Capital 160,000 Salaries 8,000 Prepaid Rent 11000 Rent Expense 1000 Equipment 20,000 Prepaid Insurance 15,000 Insurance Expense 13750 Creditors (35000) Supplies 10,000 Furniture 10,000 Supplies expense 20000 Advertisements 30,000 Debtors 60,000 Audit income 100,000 Consulting income 80,000 Utility Expense 12,000 Suspense 10000 Total 315,000 315,000 Income statement for the month ended 31st January 2010 Particulars (Dhs) (Dhs) income Audit income 100000 Consulting income 80000 180000 Expenses rent 1000 insurance 1250 advertisement 30000 supplies 20000 Utility expense 12000 salaries 8000 Total expenses 72250 Net profit 107750 Balance sheet as at 31 January 2010 Noncurrent assets Furniture 10000 Equipment 20000 Current assets 30000 Prepaid rent 11000 Prepaid insurance 13750 debtors 60000 supplies 10000 Cash 118000 Total current assets 212750 Total Assets 242750 equity 160000 Net profit 107750 Current liabilities Creditors (35000) Suspense 10000 242750 In summary, the firm recorded a profit in the year. The financial statements of the business must be prepared to show the financial performance to the stakeholders who are interested in the determination of the firm’s success. Reference Dyckman, TR, Magee, RP Pfeiffer, GM 2011, Financial accounting (3rd ed.), Cambridge: Business Publishers, Westmont.

Justice Is It Still Existent - 1172 Words

Justice? Is it Still Existent? Is justice existent in the world today? Martin Luther King Jr. once said that â€Å"Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere.† Many would argue that justice is here and it is shown through our criminal justice system. However, if justice exists, where is the justice when white cops shot unarmed black men because they â€Å"claim† their life was in immediate danger and get off scot free? Show me the justice when black fathers are being snatched away from their kids and being incarcerated for simple mistakes that they made. Why is it that people of color get harsher sentences for simpler crimes, yet if a Caucasian commits the same crime they get a slap on the wrist? Justice is not any of those. If justice is†¦show more content†¦Statistic show that â€Å"97 percent of police violence cases in 2015 resulted in the officer facing no criminal charges.† (Calacal, Think Progress ) Police are supposed to protect and serve its citizens. These results show how law enforcement view their officers are more important than the people they kill because nothing happens. Officers who commit such heinous crimes should be administered their deserved punishment. However, it seems like they are rewarded for such appalling behavior. Likewise, in a study conducted by The Sentencing Project on the incarceration rates for ethnic groups in every state, using the Bureau of Justice Statistics data, it showed an enormous imbalance between imprisonment rates for, Caucasians, African-Americans and Hispanics. The Study shows that â€Å"In state prisons, African-Americans are incarcerated at 5.1 times the rate of whites.† (Nellis 3). Due to this trend of mass incarceration, African-American kids grow up in fatherless homes. They may lose their fathers, brothers, uncles etc. to the prison system and this means that they also lose the idea of having a positive male role model in their life to teach them how to be a gentleman. According to a study conducted by the National Center for Fathering show that â€Å"57.6% of black children, 31.2% of Hispanic children, and 20.7% of white children are living absent their biological fathers.† (National Center ForShow MoreRelatedWhat Is Christology? Often People Who Know T he Lord As1300 Words   |  6 Pagesthat Christ is pre-existent? Before earth and before man was ever created, Christ was. Christ was before the beginning of time itself and is not bound by time, He is the creator of time, in other words, God is pre-existent. â€Å"Christ the second person had a being before he was born of a virgin.† (Deschner 28) You are probably thinking, but wait, I thought you said Christ is pre-existent, but in your last sentence you said God;’ well good observation I did say God is pre-existent. What some people doRead MoreThe Red Scare Of Nicola Sacco And Bartolomeo Vanzetti1138 Words   |  5 Pagessocial revolution in the United States wasn’t even remote, it was completely non-existent. Nevertheless, the fear of the ‘reds’ was all pervasive in American society. This was a time where you could use the red scare as an excuse to suppress the people you didn’t want at liberty; the government could basically pick them right up. And they did, by the thousands. The Bill of Rights and Constitution were essentially non-existent during this time. It’s like the book â€Å"The Crucible† by Author Miller, whereRead MoreAn Unstable Backbone Can Obstruct The Re Establishment Of Public Services Essay733 Words   |  3 Pagespromote economic development and alleviate poverty. 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The immense harmful effects of racism upon the American society have causedRead MoreEssay about Swot Analysis: Police and Society979 Words   |  4 Pagesmy analysis of these two agencies. I will start with the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA). The DEA is part of the Department of Justice. As stated on their online website, â€Å"The mission of the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) is to enforce the controlled substances laws and regulations of the United States and bring to the criminal and civil justice system of the United States, or any other competent jurisdiction, those organizations and principal members of organizations, involved inRead MoreThe Non Existent American Dream1374 Words   |  6 PagesThe Non-Existent American Dream Why is America never America? â€Å"America never was America to me† is a line repeatedly written in the poem ‘Let America be America Again’ by an African American poet Langston Hughes. This poem was published in 1936, when being African American was one’s greatest sin. African Americans were treated as things that elite whites can own rather than free- willed humans. In this poem, the pain and suffering of colored Americans, who were considered less thanRead MoreThe United States Environmental Protection Act1034 Words   |  5 PagesThe United States Environmental Protection Act (hereinafter referred to as EPA) defines environmental justice as ‘’the fair treatment and meaningful involvement of all people, regardless of race, colour, national origin or income with respect to the development, implementation and enforcement of environmental laws, regulations, and policies’’ (Bullard 2005, 4). Throughout the world, poor people and people of colour, who have the least political power and who are the most marginalized, are selectivelyRead MorePlato s View On Form1429 Words   |  6 Pageschair doesn’t change: it stays pure and real. Plato’s view on justice and beauty are stated as transcendent and objective realities and have nothing to do with one individual perception of it. This leads us to understand that the world of forms never changes but the world of senses like images and objects as a part of the physical world are in a constant change. Plato’s allegory of the cave brings us to the understanding of what justice and beauty is conceived as through intellect and not in the sensesRead MoreHuman Trafficking Has Been Existent For Thousands Of Years983 Words   |  4 PagesIn 1863, the United States enacted laws that formally abolished slavery. However, modern day manifestation of slavery still exists; it is called â€Å"human trafficking.† Human trafficking, ac cording to the Trafficking Victims Protection Act of 2000 is â€Å"trafficking in which a commercial sex act is induced by force, fraud, or coercion, or in which the person induced to perform such act has not attained 18 years of age; or the recruitment, harboring, transportation, provision, or obtaining of a person forRead MorePolice Brutality Based On Racial Profiling1682 Words   |  7 Pagesin a senseless fatality. Minority groups such as African Americans and Hispanics have often been the victims of this form of abuse by officers, however little justice has been done in order to protect these individuals from this form of cruelty by the hands of those with the most power. For many individuals, police brutality is a non-existent matter because it does not directly affect them or the community in which they live. Yet for others, this is an everyday occurrence and few limitations have been

Challenges in Accounting in Global Finance-Samples for Students

Question: Discuss about the Challenges in Accounting in Global Finance. Answer: Introduction The primary functions of financing have always been trying to control costs, making and maintaining proper budgets. Finance department of any organization is laden with the task of planning a budget which will dictate the financial transactions and operations of the companies. Another important role of finance is internal auditing. This is an essential aspect of business running, which ensures the organisations are operating in a correct manner (Burns Needles, 2014). However, in the age of globalization, as organizations are expanding rapidly and are operating business overseas the finance departments and auditing firms are being faced with new and more intricate challenges every day. Their tasks and responsibilities transcend from being burdened with simple capital structure making to profit repatriation policies of the companys subsidiaries. Capital budgeting decisions should reflect not just the divisional differences, but also has to show the complicacies that arise due to the d ifferent currencies, exchange rates, taxation policies and the different laws and regulations in different countries (Prencipe, Bar-Yosef Dekker, 2014). The companies incentive system must be able to assess, acknowledge and reward the actions and operations of the managers who work under different economic and financial settings across the globe. This paper will be aimed at 3xamining the role of the accounting strategies in the environment of globalization and try to identify the challenges that are faced by the accounting firms. Project objective The prime objectives of this paper are: To understand the impact of global trends in the globalization setting To observe the changing accounting practices in todays integrated world, and To indentify the key challenges of accounting in todays global economy Project scope The paper would try and identify the challenges of accounting in global finance and then go on to give probable solutions that would help firms to execute auditing and accounting for the global companies in a smoother way. The paper, once completed would have a scope of delivering new strategies to the global companies that would make global finance accounting easier and devoid of complicated hassle. Literature review The rise of the ideas and theories on globalization has brought with it many other dimensions and new parameters were introduced which had a significant impact on the accounting practices as well as the accountants in the globally functioning organizations (Rathee Kapil, 2015). Compared to the traditional accounting, modern auditing and financial accounting firms have taken on new identities and new roadways have opened up. While the traditional form of accounting was concerned with simple auditing and financial management, modern financial accounting has sprouted new branches and a lot more aspects have been included in the whole process, some of which are corporate governance, anti-corruption laws, regulation standards, accountability in large multinational corporations (MNCs) and many more (Bebbington, Unerman O'Dwyer, 2014). The factor that makes all of these even more complicated is the fact that, all these parameters have to be adhered to under different laws and regulations in every country, hence no uniform code of conduct or action plan cannot be devised easily. Accounting is a neutral take on the financial and economic conditions of a given organization or industry. The economic powers and factors that are at play in the setting of different countries all are incorporated in these financial reflections (Johnson, 2014). The accounting practices and the outcomes give an organization the necessary insight to make vital economic and budgeting decisions. The figures that are presented by the accounting departments of the organizations, shape the decision making process of the companies. Internal audits help companies to understand and identify the areas or countries which would offer them cheap but skilled labors. Knowledge like this is important to make decisions which would enable companies to curb costs and increase their profit margin (Gereffi Fernandez-Stark, 2016). If the companies wish to stay ahead of the competition in the fierce market conditions of todays world, they must make the right decisions that would enable them to optimize their operations which would keep them on top of the industry. To make these decisions, it is vital for the organizations to keep innovating and be creative about the operations in order to be sustainable (Ebrahim, Battilana Mair, 2014). While making the decisions it must be kept in mind that the organization has all the necessary information that are generated by the accounting department. Even excluding the aspect of globalization, there a number of other factors that affect the role of accounting in organizations. The advent of modern technology and its applications have affected every aspect of business operations, including management and financial auditing. In the era of free information and technology, the ideas about how products and services are delivered to the consumers have changed drastically, forever altering the business operations of every organization. Evolving market competition has prompted organizations to adopt new methods of management accounting which comprises of innovative ways like Just In Time (JIT), Total Quality Management (TQM) and other similar methods. Previously, organizations were only faced with competition from local or at most, the national markets, but today every company has to overcome the obstacles that are created by overseas companies as well (Stauffer, 2015). There are several trends that are practiced in managerial accounting processes in the context of glob al organizations. Green accounting: With the threats of global warming and environmental pollution becoming apparent every day, it is increasingly becoming a popular concept of a business organization that will take care and maintain a balance between the environment and the operations. It has become of paramount necessity to keep its operations clean and environment friendly if an organization aims to keep a good relation with every customer and even the governmental bodies of the country it is operating in (O'Connor, Sexton Smart, 2013). this new aspect and requirement of the customers have put accounting and analytics departments in an even more challenging position as they are tasked with coming up with a budget and economic plan that would enable the companies to attain Green GNP (Bodie, 2013). Investing in projects and other areas which facilitate protection of the environment has become one of the key features of every global organization. Harmonization: In a time where many companies run several businesses in many countries, it is very important to have a uniform accounting measure and process for every organization which would help every company to keep track of their own financial operations more easily. It prime objective of international harmonization is to make the different financial information from different countries comparable so that companies can efficiently assess their own performances in every country and identify where they need to work on. Literature gap Although the previous work has been successful in identifying the different challenges that create an obstacle while accounting for finance in a global context, the work is mainly focused upon the statistical interpretation of the data. The ethical and moral grounds of the issues have been barely talked about in depth, even though these issues are just as important to understand how the behavioral pattern of the accountants are affected. This research would be more concerned with the ethical aspects of operating a business in the global context and financial accounting under the setting of a globalized era which makes the accountants face situations of moral dilemma. This particular gap will be aimed to be solved in the following paper. Hypothesis Null Hypothesis: The challenges faced by accounting in global finance are going to help the business organizations if properly met with Alternative hypothesis: The challenges faced by accounting in global finance are not helpful for organizations even if they are met with the right solutions Research design A number of tools and methods can be used to make sure that the research reaches its desired goal of identifying the challenges of global finance accounting. Two different types of research methods are given most importance in a broader sense: Qualitative research: This is a set of methods that are non-numerical in nature and are used for social science researches. These methods target specific populations and help to interpret the collected data that gives a comprehensive idea about the social life. Qualitative research methods help researchers to derive behavioral pattern from the results of the surveys, which help to predict actions and behavior of the individuals and organizations in the future. This type of research helps the researchers identify the parameters and the attributes that shape the general behavior of the subjects and the population behavioral pattern is derived based on that approximation (Liamputtong, 2013). The qualitative methods that are to be used in the current research have been selected to be: Direct observation: This is the simplest method of qualitative research which involves the researcher to observe the activity of the subjects without interfering in the process. The research at hand would be employing the researcher to first understand how the accountants of the global companies operate and what are the methods and tools that are used as well as the limitations of those methods. Questionnaire: The accountants will be given a set of questions that will talk about different issues that they face while working: the issues regarding international laws and regulations and the drawbacks of the current methods of global finance accounting. Interviews: The research will then be followed by in depth interviews which would help the researcher to understand the issues each individual faces while working as a management accountant in global organizations. It must be remembered that qualitative data can be tampered with very easily and may yield biased results. Moreover, since this type of research method is the primary focus of this paper, these will be used extensively and a behavioral pattern will be tried to retrieve by trying to understand how the accountants react to certain situations (Clemence, Doise Lorenzi-Cioldi, 2014). Quantitative research: This type of research method deals with statistical interpretations of the gathered data through using mathematical tools which categorize answers and coming up with definitive patterns which back up the qualitative results. This research method deals with numerical data and the results are solidified by computational techniques. Specific conditions and phenomenon are given logical explanation through scientific research. The current research would take and apply a number of quantitative research methods to observe and identify a pattern that the accountants feel are the biggest challenges in global financial accounting process. In many cases, secondary data are the only source of collected data which form the basis for quantitative research analysis. Surveys are also used to gather data which would provide with the necessary parameters to calculate and analyze. The accountants and the organizations will be asked to provide data regarding the biggest and the most frequent issues that they have faced while making internal audits or managerial accounting, in order to understand and decipher a pattern for the problems and the most difficult part of the process (Elo et al., 2014). The statistical results will be immensely helpful in terms of establishing the assumptions in a firmer way. Research limitations The biggest limitation of the research is, which is a problem for almost every survey ever, is that the sample population size is too small (Brinkmann, 2014). While it may be easier to calculate the smaller size of data, the opinions and perspectives of every individual cannot be known from just a few. Small sample size can often lead to results being riddled with misinterpretations and laden with false conclusions (Geppert, Matten Williams, 2016). On the other hand, it is virtually and physically impossible for any research to survey entire populations and collect data from everyone on the planet. The problem of random sampling will always remain and the current research is not devoid of the same problems. Time schedule Figure: Time schedule chart Source: created by author Conclusion From the above discussion it can be concluded that the problems faced by the global companies in the context of financial accounting are very much an issue and the current research would come in handy to identifying the most important and biggest problems. The research has selected the methods in such a way that will facilitate in this regard and would most definitely help to come up with probable solutions that would be of use to reduce the challenges. In the era of globalization, companies have to adhere to a lot of aspects and in order to maintain a good position in the industry and a good reputation, every single of these aspects have to be met References Bebbington, J., Unerman, J., O'Dwyer, B. (Eds.). (2014).Sustainability accounting and accountability. Routledge. Bodie, Z. (2013).Investments. McGraw-Hill. Brinkmann, S. (2014). Interview. InEncyclopedia of Critical Psychology(pp. 1008-1010). Springer New York. Burns, J. O., Needles, B. E. (Eds.). (2014).Accounting Education for the 21st Century: The global challenges. Elsevier. Clemence, A., Doise, W., Lorenzi-Cioldi, F. (2014).The quantitative analysis of social representations. Routledge. Ebrahim, A., Battilana, J., Mair, J. (2014). The governance of social enterprises: Mission drift and accountability challenges in hybrid organizations.Research in Organizational Behavior,34, 81-100. Elo, S., Kriinen, M., Kanste, O., Plkki, T., Utriainen, K., Kyngs, H. (2014). Qualitative content analysis: A focus on trustworthiness.Sage Open,4(1), 2158244014522633. Geppert, M., Matten, D., Williams, K. (Eds.). (2016).Challenges for European management in a global context: Experiences from Britain and Germany. Springer. Gereffi, G., Fernandez-Stark, K. (2016). Global value chain analysis: a primer. Johnson, P. F. (2014).Purchasing and supply management. McGraw-Hill Higher Education. Liamputtong, P. (2013).Qualitative research methods. O'Connor, J., Sexton, B., Smart, R. S. (Eds.). (2013).Surface analysis methods in materials science(Vol. 23). Springer Science Business Media. Prencipe, A., Bar-Yosef, S., Dekker, H. C. (2014). Accounting research in family firms: Theoretical and empirical challenges.European Accounting Review,23(3), 361-385. Rathee, S., Kapil, S. (2015). AN INVESTIGATION INTO RECENT TRENDS AND CHALLENGES OF ACCOUNTING'CLIMATE INSTRUMENTS'.Journal of Services Research,15(1), 7. Stauffer, A. (2015). Introduction. InVirtual Victorians(pp. 1-8). Palgrave Macmillan US.

Yoruba drumming Essays - Zimbabwean Music, African Drums, Drums

Yoruba drumming -------------------------------------------------------------------------------- There are many things that set Yoruba drumming and Shona mbira music apart from one another. Most plainly of which is the sound that each produces. Typically, Yoruba drumming consists of a section of drummers playing various sizes, shapes and styles of drums, and is usually accompanied by vocalists. The mbira is a pitch and tone producing instrument that is plucked, rather than a percussive instrument that is struck or beat. Therefore, Mbira music is almost never accompanied by anything other than another mbria. However, the dundun drum itself is widely known for its ability to produce a wide range of pitches, also known as the talking drum. The use of dundun drums in African culture plays an important role, due to its close relationship with the African language of the Yoruba people. Because the African language is tonal, the dundun drum imitates the speech patterns of the language when it is played, hence the nickname talking drum. In the Eegun oje, a Yoruba masquarade, the dance is usually accompanied by bata, an ensemble of conically-shaped, double-headed membrane drums, and one of Yorubas most ancient instrumental ensembles. A bata ensemble consists of four drums: the iyaalu (the mother drum), and three supporting drums (the omele abo, the omele ako, and the kudi). The omele ako and the kudi often play very repetitive patterns and rhythms, while the omele abo often engages in dialogue with the iyaalu. The iyaalu is played by a master drummer, whose text-based improvisations are accompanied by the ostinato patterns of the supporting drums (Omojola, 2005, par. 2). Yoruba drumming is most often performed during rituals, or masquerade dances, in which a number of dancers dance to rhythmic cues given to them by the master drummer, and those not dancing often partake in a call-and-response style of vocal singing. However, vocals are perceived to be more of an accompaniment to the more dominant drumming. The texts of the songs were often sung as self-praise to motivate the dancers into action. Although many masquerades are used to represent the ancestor spirits of the Yoruba people, the Eegun oje is not. It is used plainly for entertainment. The representation or worship of ancestor spirits in song is one of the few things that Shona mbira music shares as a similarity. The Shona people have strong beliefs in life after death, in the sense that when death occurs, the spirit of the loved one transitions to another plane of existence. It is important to the Shona people that when this occurs, they stay in close communication with the deceased, in order to guide the spirits away from danger. They believe that the music of the mbira provides the most important means of communication to these spirits. The mbira consists of three rows of different sized metal strips, attached to a wooden resonator that are plucked to create different pitches. Cowry shells or bottle caps are also attached to the box, causing them to vibrate when a metal strip is plucked. One of the most important types of mbiras is the mbira davadzimu. It is an instrument closely associated with spirit possession ceremonies, known as the bira. In a bira ceremony, the mbria is played to create an open line of communication between the living and the dead. Although both the Yoruba and the Shona have affiliations with the spirit world, the difference is that the Shona use music to actively communicate with the dead, whereas the Yoruba typically just use music to worship spirits and gods in rituals and masquerades. Mbiras are typically played by themselves, indoors, but can also be played outdoors with the addition of a deze, a calabash resonator used for amplification. It is also not uncommon for Mbria players to play along with other Mbira players, or with the help of shakers and light percussion sections. In comparison to the four different drums sections used in the Eegun oje, there are typically two parts in mbria music: a leader (kushaura) and a follower (kutsinhera). Typically these parts are played by two different players, but they can also be played by a single, virtuoso mbira player.

Fed Funds

Fed Funds "Fed slashes federal funds rate by one-half percentage points". This is what many headlines read after the Fed surprisingly between meetings, cut the short-term interest rates to 4.5%. In reaction to such a surprise, the Nasdaq Composite ended the day up 156.22 points while the Dow soared up 399.10 points. There are numerous reasons as to why the Fed controls interest rates and why in this case there was a surprise cut in the rates. Some of the reasons can be more opinionated than others.The money supply of Australia 1984-2007.First I will briefly describe what exactly cutting the interest rate means and what exactly it does. The federal funds rate by definition is the rate at which banks charge each other for inter-day or over-night loans. Banks make loans through the federal funds market to insure that their reserves meet the quota. Banks are required to have a certain amount of reserved money set by the Fed. So if they loan out too much than they will need to make quick loans to m eet the Federal reserve. The Fed simply acts as an intermediary as they transfer debt and give credit to other bank reserves. In this open market, the cost of borrowing and returning is the federal funds rate. This rate is not actually changed by the Fed as one would assume when these announcements are made. The Fed actually has no direct control over the rate. The Fed has a Federal Open Market Committee meeting every six weeks to choose a federal funds target. This target is reached through open market operations. Open market operations consist of either selling or buying financial assets. The rate also does not automatically go to the rate at which the Fed announced it would be. The rate is reached by trial and error. To...

Profile of Serial Killer, Cannibal and Necrophilliac Richard Chase

Profile of Serial Killer, Cannibal and Necrophilliac Richard Chase Serial killer, cannibal and necrophiliac Richard Chase who went on a month-long killing spree which ended with six people dead, including children. Along with  savagely murdering his victims, he also drank their blood which earned him the nickname, The Vampire of Sacramento. One has to wonder if Chase was alone in the blame for what he did to others. His parents and health officials considered him stable enough to live without supervision, despite the fact he displayed severe abnormal behavior from an early age. Childhood Years Richard Trenton Chase  was born on May 23, 1950. His parents were strict disciplinarians and Richard was often subjected to beatings from his father. By the age of 10, Chase displayed three known warning signs of children who grow to become serial killers; bed-wetting beyond the normal age, cruelty to animals and setting fires. Teenage Years According to published reports, Chases mental disorders intensified during his teenage years. He became a drug user and regularly exhibited symptoms of delusional thinking. He managed to maintain a small social life, however, his relationships with women would not last long. This was because of his bizarre behavior and because he was impotent. The later problem obsessed him and he voluntarily sought help from a psychiatrist. The doctor was unable to help him and noted his problems were a result of his severe mental disorders and repressed anger. After turning 18, Chase moved out from his parents home and in with roommates. His new living arrangements did not last long. His roommates, bothered by his heavy drug use and wild behavior, asked him to leave. After Chase refused to move out, the roommates left and he was forced to move back in with his mother. This lasted until he became convinced that she was trying to poison him and Chase was moved to an apartment paid for by his father. A Search for Help Isolated, Chases obsession with his health and bodily functions heightened. He suffered from constant paranoid episodes and would often end up at the hospital emergency room in search of help. His list of ailments included complaints that someone had stolen his pulmonary artery, that his stomach was backward and that his heart had stopped beating. He was diagnosed as being a paranoid schizophrenic and spent a short time under psychiatric observation, but soon released. Unable to find help from doctors, yet still convinced that his heart was shrinking, Chase felt he had found the cure. He would kill and disembowel small animals and eat the various parts of the animals raw. However, in 1975, Chase suffering from blood poisoning after injecting the blood of a rabbit into his veins, was involuntarily hospitalized and diagnosed with schizophrenia. Schizophrenia or Drug-Induced Psychosis? Doctors treated Chase with the usual drugs used for schizophrenia with little success. This convinced doctors that his illness was due to his heavy drug use and not schizophrenia. Regardless, his psychosis remained intact and after he was found with two dead birds with their heads cut off and blood sucked out, he was moved to a hospital for the criminally insane. Incredibly, by 1976 his doctors decided he was no longer a threat to society and released him under the care of his parents. Even more incredibly, his mother made the decision that Chase no longer needed the anti-schizophrenia medications prescribed and stopped giving him the pills. She also helped him find an apartment, paid his rent and bought his groceries. Left unchecked and without medication, Chases mental disorders escalated from the need for animal organs and blood to human organs and blood. First Murder On December 29, 1977, Chase killed 51-year-old Ambrose Griffin in a drive-by shooting. Griffin was helping his wife bring groceries into the house when he was shot and killed. Random Violent Acts On January 11, 1978, Chase attacked a neighbor after he asked for a cigarette then restrained her until she turned over the entire pack. Two weeks later, he broke into a house, robbed it then urinated inside a drawer containing infant clothing and defecated on the bed in a childs room. Interrupted by the owners return, Chase was attacked but managed to escape. Chase continued to search for unlocked doors of homes to enter. He believed a locked door was a sign that he was not wanted, however, an unlocked door was an invitation to enter. Second Murder On January 23, 1978, Teresa Wallin, pregnant and at home alone, was taking out the garbage when Chase entered through her unlocked front door. Using the same gun he used to kill Griffin, he shot Teresa three times, killing her, then raped her corpse while stabbing her several times with a butcher knife. He then removed multiple organs, cut off one of the nipples and drank the blood. Before leaving, he collected dog feces from the yard and stuffed it into the victims mouth and down her throat. Final Murders On January 27, 1978, the bodies of Evelyn Miroth, age 38, her six-year-old son Jason, and friend Dan Meredith were found murdered inside Evelyns home. Missing was Evelyns 22-month-old nephew David, who she had been babysitting. The crime scene was horrific. Dan Merediths body was found in the hallway. He was killed by a direct gunshot wound to his head. Evelyn and Jason were found in Evelyns bedroom. Jason had been shot twice in the head. The depth of Chases insanity was clear when investigators reviewed the crime scene. Evelyns corpse had been raped and sodomized multiple times. Her stomach had been cut open and various organs were removed. Her throat was cut and she had been sodomized with a knife and there was a failed attempt to remove one of her eyeballs. Not found at the murder scene was the infant, David. However, blood in the babys crib gave police little hope the child was still alive. Chase later told police that he brought the dead infant to his apartment. After mutilating the babys body he disposed of the corpse at a nearby church, which is where it was later found. What he did leave at the grotesque murder scene were clear hand and shoe prints, which soon led police to his door and to the end of Chases insane rampage. The End Result In 1979, a jury found Chase guilty on six counts of first-degree murder and he was sentenced to die in the gas chamber. Disturbed by the gruesome details of his crimes, other prisoners wanted him gone and often tried to talk him into killing himself. Whether it was the constant suggestions or just his own tortured mind, Chase managed to collect enough prescribed antidepressants to kill himself. On December 26, 1980, prison officials discovered him dead in his cell from an overdose of medications. Source Kessler, Robert K., The Vampire Killer

Holocaust Deniers Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Holocaust Deniers - Essay Example Deniers like to call themselves 'Revisionists,' an ambiguous term that needs to be substituted by Holocaust deniers, which more adequate[ly] reflects their ideology."2 Holocaust deniers usually make claims about actual facts that precipitated and included the happenings of events that took place in Nazi concentration camps from 1939-1945 during World War II in Hitler's Germany. Claims range from the fact that Hitler never ordered a plan for a "Final Solution" to the 'Jewish Problem,' to the idea that an order was never carried out for the Jews' methodical extermination. However, there are plenty of pieces of evidence which document the actual occurrence of the Holocaust and its atrocities. In fact, the Holocaust is one of the most widely- and well-documented massacres in history. "The father of Holocaust denial was Paul Rassinier (1906-1967), adeportee to the Dora concentration camp[who] returned from Dora with[a vision that]the victims of the war were the Germans; the ones to blame were the Jews who were responsible for the world conflict."3 This leads us to the question that naturally follows, which is, What is Holocaust denial and the arguments that it proposes Holocaust denial, by definition, is "a propaganda movement active in the United States, Canada and Western Europe which seeks to deny the reality of the Nazi regime's systematic mass murder of 6 million Jews in Europe during World War II."4 The Institute for Historical Review is the main organization which supports revisionism, which denies the Holocaust ever happened. The IHR, founded by William Carto, holds annual conferences which are forums for revisionist 'historians' to foment and spread their propaganda. These people are not historians at all. In fact, they usually seek to undermine legitimate historical research and writing through propagating their own writings. The IHR is "a pseudo-academic enterprise[for people with] no [history credentials, including Ph.D.'s]Revilo P. Oliver and Robert Faurisson[,] writersDavid Irvingand Bradley Smith, and career anti-SemitesMark Weber and Ernst Zndel-convene to develop new outlets for their anti-Jewish, anti-Israel and, for some, pro[-]Nazi beliefs."5 Most notably, recently, those who deny the Holocaust have decided to use empirical evidence in order to prove their point that the Holocaust could not have happened. The "Leuchter and Rudolf Reports purported to demonstrate that there was not enough cyanide residue in the Auschwitz gas chambers to be consistent with mass gassing. Friedrich Paul Berg, inThe Diesel Gas Chambers: Myth Within a Myth, claims to show that it would be improbableto use diesel engine exhaust to kill people"6 Each paper cites "experiments, laboratory analyses,

Contract for an Independent HR Contractor and the Importance of Having Research Paper

Contract for an Independent HR Contractor and the Importance of Having A Contract - Research Paper Example As the paper declares when a company employs independent contractors, it has to be categorically established that there is no â€Å"employer-employee relationship† between the worker and the company, and the better way to make this clear-cut is by entering into a contract that may be called, Independent Contractor’s Agreement. It is very essential that a contract should be executed, wherein all the terms and conditions should be clearly stated that could strengthen what had been verbally agreed upon by the employer and the independent contractor. In reality, when there is a contract, it could easily prevent the misclassification of the other regular employees. A contract would easily differentiate the independent contractor from the regular employee. This report stresses that all contracts should start by declaring the identities of the parties who will be the signatories in the contract, and they are the independent contractor, who could be the freelancer or the agency who will supply contingent workers, and the company who will be hiring the independent contractor/s. This should be followed by the establishment of what the independent contractor can do, and what he is equipped with, and it is at this point that it should be mentioned whether the contractor possesses a license or not, when it is specifically required, and that the company is desirous of engaging the independent contractor’s skills or expertise.

Mental Disorders-Causes, Nature, and Treatment Essay Example for Free

Mental Disorders-Causes, Nature, and Treatment Essay James is 35 years old and is a successful salesman. He has never married and has no children. His career focus often makes him appear to be a â€Å"workaholic.† Lately, he has begun to feel extremely dissatisfied, lonely, and bored. He thinks often of quitting, selling everything he owns, and taking off. Is James crazy? Is he depressed? Kay is a young and very attractive high-school teacher who is involved romantically with one of her students. She knows this is illegal, immoral, and unethical, but she continues this dangerous behavior. Is Kay mentally ill? Peter washes his hands at least 25 times a day. Whenever he feels anxious, he runs to the bathroom or kitchen and washes his hands to lower his anxiety level. Is Peters behavior abnormal? Abnormal behavior, often perceived as a sign of mental illness, is not uncommon in our society. This lesson introduces you to mental disorders, the causes of mental illness, and the treatment of mental illness. This lesson presents the following topics: †¢ What Is Abnormality? †¢ Models of Abnormality †¢ Anxiety Disorders †¢ Somatoform Disorders †¢ Dissociative Disorders †¢ Mood Disorders What Is Abnormality? What is abnormal, and just how bad can it get? If you study the portrayal of abnormality in American movies, you would probably think that a person who was identified as being psychologically abnormal could be pretty difficult to be around. In fact, for hundreds of years, people with psychological abnormalities were thought to be possessed by demons. Remember the movie, The Exorcist? Exorcism [The formal casting out of a demon through a religious ritual] became popular in the Middle Ages as a way to cast out demons. Another method used in prehistoric times to â€Å"cure† the insane was trepanning [The process of cutting holes into the skull of a living person]. In this procedure, holes were cut in the skull to provide a way for the demons to be released. During the Renaissance period, belief in demons carried through to a belief in witchcraft. Mentally ill people were called witches and were often put to death. These executions were often carried out by burning at the stake. Thankfully, psychopathology—the study of abnormal behavior—has come a long way over the centuries, and attitudes toward and treatment of mental illness have also changed. Definitions of Abnormal Behavior It is difficult to define abnormal behavior. One way is to use the statistical definitions that frequently occurring behavior is normal and behavior that is rare is abnormal. But these definitions dont work for every situation. Another way to define abnormality is behavior that goes against the norms or standards of society. But going against social norms is not always regarded as an abnormality, especially in the case of championing social or political causes. In addition, behavior that may be unacceptable in one culture may be completely acceptable in another. The social or environmental setting of a persons behavior is a potent factor in the determination of â€Å"abnormality.† Joan hates to go to large parties where she doesnt know anyone. Unfortunately, her husbands business often holds large gatherings, and spouses are expected to attend. Joan delays getting ready until the last minute and then spends the evening feeling uncomfortable because she doesnt look as â€Å"well-put together† as some of the other women. She hesitates to mingle because of her subjective discomfort [Emotional distress or emotional pain] that keeps her from meeting new people and having a good time. Ed is a 34-year-old college student. He has been in college since he was 18, taking one course after another and pursuing one degree after another. He is what some people call a â€Å"professional student.† Ed works the typical part-time student jobs and earns enough to pay for his classes and his student apartment. He once laughingly said that he couldnt stand the thought of a â€Å"real job,† but there is nothing funny about his situation. Ed is extremely anxious about the prospect of meeting the demands of daily life in the real world, and his maladaptive behaviour [Anything that does not allow a person to function within or adapt to the stresses and everyday demands of life] keeps him from achieving his potential. Both Joan and Eds behavior can be classified as â€Å"abnormal.† So, how do psychologists define abnormal behavior? It is the pattern of behavior that causes people significant distress, causes them to harm themselves or others, or harms their ability to function in daily life. Following is a list of criteria for determining abnormal behavior (at least two criteria must be met): †¢ Is the behavior unusual?†¢ Does the behavior go against social norms? †¢ Does the behavior cause the person significant subjective discomfort? †¢ Is the behavior maladaptive? †¢ Does the behavior cause the person to be a danger to themselves or others? Models of Abnormality The theories you have studied about personality can be used to help explain normal and abnormal behavior. Explaining disordered behavior depends on the model used to explain personality. The biological model [Model of explaining behavior as caused by biological changes in the chemical, structural, or genetic systems of the body] proposes that psychological disorders have a biological or medical cause. You might also hear this model called the medical, organic, or disease model. Such models point to brain trauma, infectious disease, or genetic reasons as the cause of psychological disorders. Several psychological models attempt to explain disordered behavior as forms of various emotional, behavioral, or thought-related malfunctioning. The psychoanalytic model explains disordered behavior as the result of repressing, or hiding, ones thoughts, memories, or concerns. Behaviorists believe that disordered behavior is learned behavior, just as normal behavior is learned. Cognitive psychologists [Psychologists who study the way people think, remember, and mentally organize information] believe abnormal behavior to be a result of illogical thinking patterns. Mental Disorders: Causes, Nature, and Treatments We have looked at some characteristics of abnormal behavior. Now lets see how psychologists decide what type of disorder a person has. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) was first published in 1952 to help psychology professionals diagnose disorders. It has been revised several times over the years. The DSM describes about 250 different psychological disorders based on symptoms, the path the disorder takes, and the criteria checklist. The manual divides the disorders into five categories, or axes. †¢ Type of Information: Clinical Disorders and Other Conditions That May Be a Focus of Clinical Attention. †¢ Description in Brief: Psychological disorders that impair functioning and are stressful and factors that are not disorders but that may affect functioning, such as academic or social problems. †¢ Type of Information: Personality Disorders Mental Retardation †¢ Description in Brief: Rigid, enduring, maladaptive personality patterns. †¢ Type of Information: General Medical Conditions †¢ Description in Brief: Chronic and acute illnesses and medical conditions that may have an impact on mental health. [pic][pic] †¢ Type of Information: Psychosocial and Environment Problems †¢ Description in Brief: Problems in the physical surroundings of the person that may have an impact on diagnosis, treatment, and outcome. †¢ Type of Information: Global Assessment of Functioning †¢ Description in Brief: Overall judgment of current functioning, including mental, social, and occupational.   Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ Disorders usually first diagnosed in infancy, childhood, or adolescence. For example, learning disabilities, ADHD, bedwetting, and speech disorder †¢ Delirium, dementia, amnesia, and other cognitive disorders. For example, Alzheimers, Parkinsons, and amnesia caused by physical causes †¢ Psychological disorders caused by a general medical condition. For example, personality change because of a brain tumor †¢ Substance-related disorders. For example, alcoholism and drug addiction †¢ Schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders. For example, schizophrenia, delusional disorders, hallucinations, and paranoid psychosis †¢ Mood disorders. For example, depression, mania, and bipolar disorders †¢ Anxiety disorders. For example, panic disorder, phobias, and stress disorders †¢ Somatoform disorders. For example, hypochondria and conversion disorder †¢ Factitious disorders. For example, pathological lying and Munchausen syndrome †¢ Dissociative disorders. For example, multiple personality and amnesia not caused by physical causes †¢ Sexual and gender identity disorders. For example, sexual desire disorders and paraphilias †¢ Eating disorders. For example, anorexia and bulimia †¢ Sleep disorders. For example, insomnia, sleep terror disorder, sleepwalking, and narcolepsy †¢ Impulse-control disorders not elsewhere classified. For example, kleptomania, pathological gambling, and pyromania †¢ Adjustment disorders. For example, mixed anxiety and conduct disturbances You may think you dont know anyone with a psychological disorder, but they are more common than you think. According to the National Institute on Mental Health, about 22 percent of adults over 18 suffer from a mental disorder, that is, about 44 million people in the United States. Many people who study psychology begin to believe they suffer from some type of disorder. Why? Because many psychological disorders are really ordinary variations on human behavior taken to the extreme. Now, lets take a look at some of the various categories and types of disorders. Anxiety Disorders In 2004, Raoul was vacationing with his parents in Sri Lanka when the resort they were staying in was hit by a devastating tsunami. Thousands of people died, and Raouls family barely escaped. To this day, Raoul feels extremely anxious whenever he is near the ocean or hears the sounds of waves breaking on the beach. His heart begins to pound, his hands tremble, and he wants to run away. Raouls anxiety is one of the anxiety disorders [Disorders in which the main symptom is excessive or unrealistic anxiety and fearfulness] that can be traced to a specific event. Anne feels anxious nearly all the time. She wakes up in the morning with a vague sense of dread that intensifies as the day goes on. This free-floating anxiety [Anxiety that is unrelated to any realistic, known source] is keeping her from doing her best at work and is also getting in the way of her close relationships with others. A phobia [An irrational, persistent fear of an object, situation, or social activity] is also a type of anxiety disorder. Phobias are classified as either of the following: †¢ Social phobias [Fear of interacting with others or being in social situations that might lead to a negative evaluation] †¢ Specific phobias [Fear of objects or specific situations or events] Melanie is afraid to go into large arenas. Because of her agoraphobia [Fear of being in a place or situation from which escape is difficult or impossible] she did not attend her sons high school basketball championship game. Agoraphobia keeps her from living life to the fullest. Some other common phobias and their scientific names are given below: †¢ Fear of washing and bathing: Ablutophobia †¢ Fear of spiders: Arachnophobia †¢ Fear of lightning: Ceraunophobia †¢ Fear of dirt and germs: Mysophobia †¢ Fear of snakes: Ophidiophobia †¢ Fear of darkness: Nyctophobia †¢ Fear of fire: Pyrophobia †¢ Fear of foreigners and strangers: Xenophobia †¢ Fear of animals: Zoophobia

Being and Humans in Heideggers Letter on Humanism and in his Contribut

Being and Humans in Heidegger's Letter on Humanism and in his Contributions to Philosophy ABSTRACT: Heidegger's main question, the question of Being concerning human facticity, struggles to uncover the original ground to which humans belong, a ground from which modern society tends to uproot itself through the dominance of calculative and representational thinking. What is most dangerous for Heidegger about this process is that the original ground of humans and beings in general might be covered and forgotten to the extent that humans lose completely the sense of what they truly need. The task of philosophy is to help bring back humans and beings in general to the place which they originally belong, i.e., to their most fulfilled way of being which is their proper or own [das Eigene, eigen]. The term "En-own-ment" or "Ap-propri-ation" [Er-eign-is] — the key word in Heidegger's thinking since the 1930's — marks his attempt to think more originally than metaphysics the relation between Being and humans in terms of the being "enowned" of humans through Being and in terms of the belonging of humans to Being. I will rethink the question of this relation in reference to two of Heidegger's writings, and will focus on his struggle for a proper language which would be able to say what essentially remains concealed in metaphysical language: the truth (or ground) or Being as Ereignis. a) Preliminary remarks In our age of close encounter between manifold ways of thinking, believing and behaving one fundamental question which arises is: How can one find a proper measure for human life in a world which essentially lacks a common ground? The last great philosopher who, at the brink of the era of pluralism, struggled for a common ground ... ...-1938), GA vol. 65, ed. by F.-W. v. Hermann, Frankfurt am Main 1989. (3) See especially Heidegger, GA65, section 122. (4) I have no time, here, to develop the notion of an "andersanfà ¤ngliches Denken". (5) Anklang is the name of the first of the six fugues (Fuge) into which the Beitrà ¤ge are articulated. In their interrelatedness they constitute the realm of thinking of what Heidegger calls the transition from the first (Greek) beginning of Western history to the other beginning, which the thinking of Ereignis is meant to prepare. (6) See GA 9:323, where Heidegger says that Ek-sistenz is "das Stehen in der Lichtung des Seins". See also p. 350. (7) Unfortunately, I will have no time, here, to develop the question of the relation between humans and gods. (8) Heidegger moves, in the Beitrà ¤ge towards a radical simultaneity of beyng and beings.

Value Chain of Tesco

â€Å"To further the analysis of competitive advantage, Michael Porter introduced the value chain as a tool to examine the activities of a business. † As seen in figure 2, â€Å"Porter distinguished a firm’s support activities from its operational or primary activities. †(Book) [pic][pic] Support Activities Firm Infrastructure Human Resource Management Peta Hay, Director of the Tesco Academy, commented: â€Å"We believe it is more important than ever to invest in our people as Tesco continues to expand both geographically and into new business sectors.Tesco has a proven track record of both nurturing internal talent and successfully attracting external senior executives†. (7) Technology Development Procurement Primary Activities Inbound Logistics The overall cost leadership strategic management of Tesco is exhibited in its lean and agile inbound logistics function. Drawing upon Abeysinghe (2010), the company uses its leading market position and economies o f scope as key bargaining powers to achieve low costs from its suppliers.The analysts have also highlighted the constant upgrading of their ordering system, approved vendor lists, and in-store processes to induce effectiveness and efficiency into the company’s inbound logistics operations. Operations Management Tesco has been praised by a number of supply chain management critics for its effective use of IT systems that facilitate the company’s low cost leadership strategy. According to Tesco (2010), the company has invested over ? 76 million in streamlining its operations through their Tesco Digital program, which is a third generation ERP solution for the company. The company has achieved ? 50 million in increased profitability during 2009 alone due to the introduction of this system. This company -wide ERP system has also facilitated the minimisation of stock holdings within the company. Outbound Logistics Tesco holds leadership position in online and offline food r etail segments, which is due to its efficient and effective outbound logistics. Drawing upon Mintel (2010), the company has developed a range of store formats and types, which are strategically placed to achieve maximum customer exposure. These formats include Express, Metro, Superstores, Extra and Homeplus, which are segmented according to the target population.Marketing and Sales Loyalty programs like Tesco Clubcard are being introduced through information technology advances which dissuade the customers from switching over to their competitors. Tesco has introduced its Greener Living Scheme to give consumers advice on environmental issues, including how to reduce food waste and their carbon footprint when preparing meals . Services Tesco has been pursuing a dual strategy of cost leadership and differentiation, which has led to an increased importance placed on customer service.Drawing upon Keynote (2010), this dual strategy is exhibited through the development of self-service kio sks, financial services, focused direct marketing and promotions. In order to put Tesco’s value chain analysis into perspective, it should be noted that despite cost leadership strategy the company has been able to create a high degree of value in comparison with its key competitors. The relative analysis of the value created by the big four supermarket chains, i. e. , Tesco, Asda, Sainsbury’s and Morrisons has been provided as follows:

Contract and Chicago Medical School Essay

Facts: In December 1973 Robert Steinberg, the plaintiff, applied for admissions to the Chicago Medical School. He paid an application fee of $15, but his application was rejected. After being rejected he filed against the school, claiming that they did not evaluate his application according to the academic entrance criteria printed in the school’s bulletin. Steinberg argues that the school based its decision primarily on nonacademic consideration such as family connections between the applicant and his family to donate large sums of money to the school. Steinberg assets that by evaluating his application to these unpublished criteria, the school breached the contract it had created when it accepted his application fee. The trail court granted the defendant’s motion to dismiss, and Steinberg appealed. Issue: What is a contract? Rules: Mutual Assent- the parties to a contract must by show of words or condut that they have agreed to enter a contract. The usual method of mutual assent is by offering and acceptance. Consideration- each party to a contract must intentionally exchange a legal benefit or incur a legal deteriment as an inducement to the other party to make a renturn change. THIS FOR THAT basically. Legality of subject matter- the purpose of a contract must be not criminal, tortuous, or otherwise against public policy Capacity- the parties to a contract must have mental understanding of what they are entering into. Application: The contract that Steinberg and Chicago Medical School entered into meets the four requirements for a contractual contract. Therefore it is binding and legally enforceable. Conclusion: The court agreed with Steinberg’s position and that both parties did indeed enter a enforceable contract and under this contract by accepting the application fee the school must evaluate give him valuable consideration and his application evaluation was to be based on the criteria stated in the school’s bulletin. Steinberg accepted the school’s promises in good faith and he was.

Athens And Sparta Essays

Athens And Sparta Essays Athens And Sparta Essay Athens And Sparta Essay While here are many differences that distinguish Athens and Sparta, both share a few resemblances. To start with, Athens and Sparta shared the same religion of Polytheism. Despite Athens having Athena as their main God who was adulated more profoundly than the other Gods. As well as with Sparta, they believed more heavily in Heraclites because Sparta believed he was their founder. Both worshiped all the Greek Gods, some were just more important for Athens and Sparta. In addition to religion, both Athens and Sparta shared the comparison of allowing slavery. Though Athens was a democracy, half of their population were slaves. It is projected that the vast majority of Athenians owned at least one slave. Sprats populace of slaves was more than 10 times the populace of Sprats citizens. The reason for Sprats ridiculous number of slaves is based that the slaves (or helots as Spartan called them) were essential to Sprats food production because the slaves handled it all. Regardless of Athens and Sparta sharing many similarities they also share many differences in their lifestyles since both developed parallel from one another. To start with, Athens prioritize education more than Sparta. Schooling was taken very seriously in Athens as men were taught in philosophy, math, science and more. Poetry, music and drama was also greatly appreciated in their instruction. A good education was the key to Athens success in Greek culture. In contrast to Ethanes value for education, Sparta didnt take education as seriously. When boys turned 7, they were shipped off to a military school until they were 20 to train for the army. The season that Sparta didnt have as big of an education standard as Athens was because they prioritize their military a lot more, which made their army stronger than Athens. Also both Athens and Sparta differ in women rights. For example, in Athens women are valued only for bearing children. Although women were not considered citizens in Athens, they were higher socially ranked than slaves but below men. Women were not allowed to own property which included lands, slaves, jewelry and clothing and were not premised to do sports. They also had to be accompanied by a slave because they were not permitted to leave home alone. Unlike in Athens, where women had no rights, in Sparta women did have a few. Women were allowed to play sport: and move around Sparta freely. For example, though women werent trainee in the traditional Sparta sports such as heavy weight lifting and disk throwing Women were trained in gymnastics to maintain their strength. The reason being, Spartan hoped that if their women were strong they could pass that trait down to their future child.

Apartheid Era Blacks Act No 67 of 1952

Apartheid Era Blacks Act No 67 of 1952 Definition: The Blacks (Abolition of Passes and Co-ordination of Documents) Act No 67 of 1952 (commenced 11 July) repealed early laws, which differed from province to province, relating to the carrying of passes by Black male workers (e.g. the Native Labour Regulation Act of 1911) and instead required all black persons over the age of 16 in all provinces to carry a reference book at all times. They were required by law to produce the book when requested by any member of the police or by an administrative official. The pass included a photograph, carried details of place of origin, employment record, tax payments, and encounters with the police. A special court system was devised to enforce the pass law – people appearing at such commissioners courts were considered guilty until they had proven their innocence. During the 60s, 70s and 80s around 500,000 Blacks were arrested each year, their cases tried (mainly uncontested), and in the 60s fined or sentenced to a short prison term. From the early 70s the convicted were deported to Bantustans instead (under the Admission of Persons to the Republic regulation Act No 59 of 1972). By the mid 80s, by which time almost 20 million people had been arrested (and tried, fined, imprisoned, or deported), the pass law had become increasingly difficult to enforce and it was abandoned. Repealed by the Identification Act No 72 of 1986. Also Known As: Natives (Abolition of Passes and Co-ordination of Documents) Act No 67 of 1952

American products vs foreign products Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American products vs foreign products - Essay Example About 63 million light trucks and cars were produced in 2005 all over the world. of these, 11524000 were produced by America, 5543000 were produced by Germany, and 10064000 were produced by Japan . It may come as a surprise to many but it is true that a lot of vehicles made in America are designated like â€Å"foreign† whereas a lot of vehicles produced in Canada or Mexico are considered â€Å"domestic†. This can fundamentally be attributed to the requirement of the federal regulations of making a domestic vehicle with a minimum of 75 per cent of the domestic parts. Therefore, manufacturers in America frequently forward the parts to Canada or Mexico in order to produce the cars, though they hold the status of domestic cars by law. On the other hand, Nissan, Honda, Hyundai, Toyota, Mercedes-Benz, and BMW produce their cars in America making use of American plants aided by American-based research and development facilities and with American workers, and yet, they are cons idered as foreign since the percentage of domestic parts in them is less than 75. At comparable equipment and size, American cars save the buyer significant amount of money as compared to the Japanese car. However, when the comparison is made with respect to the whole life of car, Japanese cars prove much more cost effective than the American cars.

Religion in the U.S. workplace Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Religion in the U.S. workplace - Essay Example This is also designed to reduce the number of cases when people would ask for a religious holiday leave even though no being known as active religious practitioners. 2. If there are disputes over the distribution of the religious holiday leaves, they should be resolved in the following manner. The priority will be given to a person who applied for a leave first, i.e. First come first served rule. Secondly, a person who is known to perform active religious practice before has the priority over a person who has just taken up it. The communication in these cases should be polite and tolerant, trying not to hurt any person or cast any kind of shadow on the religious feeling of an individual. 3. One of the most effective ways to communicate the policy to the employees would be to call for a meeting and present them with a printed out version of the main provision. It is particularly important that they have those printed out as the employees will be able to refer to them any time when they have question about the distribution of religious holiday leaves. Another point about communication is that it should promote the feeling of justice: since the matter in question is rather difficult to regulate, the employees should agree on at least some kind of rule that might be suitable for that. 2. Personally, I do not think that it is a good idea to protect the individuals who are obese in case it is not conditioned by an illness. It is true that managing one’s weight might be incredible difficult, but still it is possible. If a company gives certain preference for obese people, others who are different in someway might raise a question why obesity is taking into account and other abnormalities are not. In addition to that, fair treatment of the obese people might be viewed as an additional stimulus for them. 3. The Weight law involves many issues, such as an effective way to determine the presence of obesity; the grounds upon which

Release Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Release - Essay Example Also the break of study would badly hamper my educational career; therefore it is not very desirable from my end to take such drastic measure. After a hard day’s labour, it is really becoming very tough for me to concentrate on my studies. I also seriously feel that if a better manageable condition is rendered to me then I would be definitely able to give better result in my work as well. The mental and physical tiredness and the dilemma which is occurring in my mind regarding the continuation of my education along with the job, is making me psychologically disturbed as well. Moreover, the road which I traverse everyday to reach my University is not only long but full of hurdles too. The traffic is very busy throughout the path and it is very accident prone area as well. As I need to manage my classes and work so I am compelled to take some hasty and faster means of communication which are very rash on road. This also keeps me under the threat of an accident whenever I take th e plunge to reach my University. Also I would like to draw the attention of the management that the departure time form the work-station has been extended to 4:00 pm from 3:30pm.

Holiday Inn Strategic Management

Holiday Inn Strategic Management Management can be generally defined as a art and science of getting the things done from others. The previous definition explains that a manager plans and guides a particular work which is done by other people. In this assignment I will be discussing about different strategic management process. Strategic management process is one of the very important management process which are been used by different organisations. Strategy :- Strategy are the resources used by the managers to achieve long term objectives. In simple term, strategies are the ideas which are been used by the management. Strategic management : Strategic management is a conduct of drafting, implementing and evaluating cross functional decisions in enabling to achieve its long term objectives. There are different types of process involved in strategic management :- Marketing is accepted globally as a life blood of any organisation. In this analysis I felt that strategic management is at the same level as marketing which decides the future and prosperity of an organisation. Practicing the management of strategies is very crucial in the competitive world. Successful managers will have to know their business market situation and position and to implement the strategies when required. I kept these objectives in mind and invented some management qualities in myself while doing a research on this topic. I feel that I need more knowledge of the management practices. So in my research on strategic management I had a good understanding of strategic management and practices. Basically the concept of strategic management closely resembles elements of foresights; this means planning a head is a major element in the business. Strategic management is considered as a life blood of any organisation. This assignment on strategic management covers the change and development in the organisation. I have also understood that having a clear idea of strategic management is crucial in todays competitive business world. Companys now a days seek ways to achieve a competitive advantage with other players in the industry that they operate. The environment in which a company operates can provide circumstances where the outcomes may be positive or negative. Many organisational studies have presented numerous theories that help companies in taking new ways in dealing with their operations. Strategic management is one of those important management theories and process that has been employed constantly by any business to address their management and decision making needs. I have chosen Holiday Inn as an example to illustrate the adaptation of strategic management and its process. In this assignment I have written about how holiday inn hotels analyse and critically evaluate the organisation practice to solve the problem connected with implementing their strategies. Main body :- Now I will be giving a short history on Holiday Inn hotel. Kemmons Wilson initially came up with the idea after a family road trip to Washington, D.C., during which he was disappointed by the quality and consistency provided by the roadside motels of that era. The name Holiday Inn was given to the original hotel by his architect Eddie Bluestein as a joke, in reference to the Bing Crosby movie. In 1957, Wilson franchised the chain as Holiday Inn of America and it grew dramatically, following Wilsons original tenet that the properties should be standardized, clean, predictable, family-friendly and readily accessible to road travellers. By 1958, there were 50 locations across the country, 100 by 1959, 500 by 1964, and the 1000th Holiday Inn opened in San Antonio, Texas, in 1968. The chain dominated the motel market, leveraged its innovative Holidex reservation system, put considerable financial pressure on traditional hotels and set the standard for its competitors, like Ramada Inns, Quality Inn, Howard Johnsons, and Best Western. By June 1972, when Wilson was featured on the cover of Time magazine, there were over 1,400 Holiday Inn hotels worldwide. Innovations like the companys Holidome indoor pools turned many hotels into roadside resorts. The company later branched into other related enterprises, including Medi-Center nursing homes, Continental Trailways, Delta Queen and various related enterprises. Wilson also later developed the Orange Lake Resort and Country Club near Orlando and a chain called Wilson World Hotels. The family of founder Kemmons Wilson still operates hotels as part of the Kemmons Wilson Companies of Memphis. Wilson retired from Holiday Inn in 1979. Although still a healthy company, changing business conditions and demographics saw Holiday Inn lose its market dominance in the 1980s. Holiday Inns, Inc. was renamed Holiday Corporation in 1985 to reflect the growth of the companys brands, including Harrahs Entertainment, Embassy Suites Hotels, Crowne Plaza, Homewood Suites by Hilton and Hampton Inn. In 1988, Holiday Corporation was purchased by UK-based Bass PLC (the owners of the Bass beer brand), followed by the remaining domestic Holiday Inn hotels in 1990, when founder Wilson sold his interest, after which the hotel group was known as Holiday Inn Worldwide. The remainder of Holiday Corporation (including the Embassy Suites Hotels, Homewood Suites by Hilton and Hampton Inn brands) was spun off to shareholders as Promus Companies Incorporated. In 1991, Bass launched Holiday Inn Express, a complementary brand in the limited service segment. In 1994, Bass launched Crowne Plaza, a move into the upscale hotel market. In 1997, Bass cr eated and launched a new hotel brand, Staybridge Suites by Holiday Inn, entering the North American upscale extended stay market. In March 1998, Bass acquired the InterContinental brand, expanding into the luxury hotel market. In 2000, Bass sold its brewing assets (and the rights to the Bass name) and changed its name to Six Continents PLC. InterContinental Hotels Group (IHG) was created in 2003 after Six Continents split into two daughter companies: Mitchells Butlers PLC to handle restaurant assets, and IHG to focus on soft drinks and hotels, including the Holiday Inn brand. Business relationship with Gulf Oil In 1963, Holiday Inn signed a long-term deal with Gulf Oil Corporation in which the lodging chain would accept Gulf credit cards to charge food and lodging at all of its hotels (in the United States and Canada). In return, Gulf would build service stations on the premises of many Holiday Inn properties, particularly those along or near major U.S. and Interstate highways. Many older Holiday Inns locations (including some no longer part of the chain) still have the service station properties intact today, either still in operation or closed down. With the exception of a few locations in the eastern U.S., hardly any of the still-open stations are now Gulf outlets. The portion of the agreement which permitted Gulf credit cards to be used for payment of food and lodging at Holiday Inns was copied by competing lodging chains and major oil companies during the mid-to-late 1960s. Most of those agreements fizzled out with the 1973 oil crisis. The Gulf/Holiday Inn arrangement ended around 1982 . The brand name Holiday Inn is now owned by IHG, which in turn licenses the name to franchisees and third parties who operate hotels under management agreements. In January 2002, The Wall Street Journal reported that the company, led by Ravi Saligram, was producing a new 130-room Next Generation prototype hotel to rebuild the brand. It would include a bistro-like restaurant and an indoor pool. The first of these prototype hotels, the Holiday Inn Gwinnett Center, was built in Duluth, Georgia, in 2003. On 24 October 2007, IHG announced a worldwide relaunch of the Holiday Inn brand. The relaunch is focused on delivering consistently best in class service and physical quality levels, including a redesigned welcome experience and signature bedding and bathroom products The first relaunched Holiday Inn is expected to open in the USA in the spring of 2008. The whole relaunch process is planned to be complete by the end of 2010. In September 2008, IHG announced the creation of a new timeshare brand, Holiday Inn Club Vacations, a strategic alliance with The Family of Orange Lake Resorts. As told before strategic management is a set of activities undertaken in the order of time. One of the first tasks in strategic management is environmental analysis. Environmental analysis is the study of an organisations environment to pin point the environmental factors that can significantly influence the organisational operations. It provides a frame work for understanding an organisations environment with the aim of helping to find the key issues and different ways of coping up with the complexity and change. A business organisation operates in an external and internal environment. The factors which influencing the external environment is known as PESTEL. PESTEL stands for political factors, economical factors, social factors, technological factors, ecological factors and legal factors. Analysis:- The political, economical and social context stood as a big challenge for the organisation of Holiday Inn when they entered the market. the holiday inn operations are highly influenced by the policies set by the government in which ever territory or country they operate. Most of the Holiday Inn are controlled by regulations of operations and policies of individual properties. The Holiday Inn group will also focus on concerns such as health and safety employment, laws , worker protection and environment. From my studies I think all these elements are seen in the control of government that authorises licensing of hotels in different states. Being in a business environment they have to abide by the employment procedures and tax obligations where they operate. As the company is widely expanded and well developed they must co-operate with the practices set by political body. After my research I think this company should get full co-operation from the political power to succeed in local an d international market. as many private enterprise when holiday inn was opened the management had very informal sense of direction setting up a few long time goals without implementing proper strategy. How ever by implementing a new scenario in their strategy with set an international competitive advantage in hotel industry as tourist increased every where and the hotel accommodation was in demand after this the management of Holiday Inn realised the need and development of planning strategies. The management achieved a competitive advantage position and enhanced the holiday inn groups performance in relation to its competitor. Company have taken a very good advantage of this point and served this market segment all the time. They have given market what they want according to the expectations. I think by going through company history the Holiday Inn is spread all over the world. This vast expansion is because of its good economical stability. The company has its own concerns involving economic factors. The branches and franchise like Holiday Inn has the tendencies to experience the hard ships in instances where the economy of the respective countries is hit by inflation and changes in exchange rates. Because of the disposable income of the citizens in developed countries the holiday inn group gave prior importance in marketing their business because of the economic stability of these countries. Holiday Inn is a world wide chain and its international functional strategies will always yield profitable returns. The potential customers are from all over the world. It is been noted that the holiday inn company has given the market such as Europe, Asia, America with regards to their social-cultural needs. Holiday Inn, like all other hotels has established a good system in determining the needs of the market. The company uses the concept of product, personality, behaviour of the customer and purchasing to its advantage. Now I am going to talk about the technical factors influencing the company. This is because of the technical advancement due to which the company could reach in a very short span to many people about their various products and service information. Customers can contact Holiday Inn by many means such as emails, telephone, travel agents, website etc. holiday inn is providing their guests with all modern amenities and facilities to their rooms to provide the best accommodation experience. Their hotels all over are fully equipped with modern amenities and technical advancement. The above mentioned study helped me a lot to determine how much the elements of PESTEL were helpful and positive for the development of the company After the analysis of PESTEL and depending upon that outcome I have also carried out SWOT analysis of the company Holiday Inn which gives me exact position of the company in the market. SWOT stands for strength, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. These are the factors influencing the internal environment. SWOT analysis is extremely useful for understanding and decision making for all source of situation in business and organisation. It also provides a frame work for reviewing strategy position and direction of the company. I think it is therefore important to evaluate the environment opportunities in relation to the strengths and weaknesses of the organisation resources. Strengths: as mentioned in the history of the company it clearly states that the Holiday Inn Corporation is a well established organisation and industry leader in hospitality. Holiday Inn is well diversified hotels in the high end, business and mid priced classes in their product mix. Holiday Inn also poses a solid integration features such as owning the companies that manufacture its furniture and has invested in online reservation travel enterprises. It also has easy access to all its customers to get information and also has a excellent reservation system. Weaknesses: according to my research Holiday Inn may be narrowly focused making it susceptible to the down turn in the global economy and other world wide catastrophes that could limit global travel. Holiday inn hotels may also be venerable to employees strikes and crack down on undocumented workers. I think the aggressive expansion policies may put the company in trouble during the global down turn. Some of the branches or franchises do not follow the holiday inn set standards, recruitment process efficient accounting systems. Opportunities:- Holiday Inn corporation is a global pioneer in hospitality industry. Their position is strong financially and they are widely expanding all over the world. They offer an array of distinctive and specialised services to their guests. They also have an opportunity to expand or acquire a cruise line company. The holiday inn corporation should take advantage of emerging markets especially with business clients and mid priced markets. The holiday inn corporation has a strong affiliation with REIT (real estate investment trust) or similar organisation that provides a strong back up for hotels. It has a strong skilled work force all over. Threats: Like all other business, the major threat for holiday inn will be an emergence of a new competitor. The competitors will be more active in promoting the concept of global brand name. Holiday Inn has its own resources to sustain their global brand name. In general the hotel industry faces a threat from internet reservation channels which represents a growing share of hotel room booking. To overcome these threats Holiday Inn has its own centralised reservations system. Looking at strategic direction of the company the mission statement says GREAT HOTELS GUEST LOVE shows that holiday inn makes all efforts to exceed their customer expectation. This statement covers all aspects on hospitality firm in a brief manner. The vision statement and the values of the company states that year after year holiday inn (IHG) and the management will be regarded as the best and most sought hospitality group. From my personal experience while working with holiday inn group I can say that they are following their vision and mission statements. By observing their strategic formulation they have adopted cost leadership strategies. They are one of the lowest cost providers for their product. This makes many customers to become potential and loyal. They have targeted very broad market from high and society to middle and the lower one. While offering this wide variety of offers to the customers they have developed and achieved best value strategy. During my analysis on holiday inn I discovered the difficulties faced by them or in other words we can say their weakness. They faced great difficulties while entering the Asian markets. The reason behind this was they were not familiar with Asian market. To overcome this problem they had to take a strong action plan by signing a joint partnership with Asian hotel firms. This provided them a base to learn about the Asian environment and their establishment. Holiday Inns vision for the future was a property that delivers new levels of customer convenience by extending hotel systems for guest and employee access using the hotels wireless infrastructure. RECOMMENDATIONS :- From my analysis since holiday inn is expanding it is wise to deal with proper authorities in the respective markets where they intend to operate. The company has to accomplish and satisfy all the prerequisites for doing business. The company should also carry out a well conducted market research before penetrating the new segments of market. the company should always obtain relevant information from the target market in addition to the individual customers of organisation. A comprehensive market research is a must before granting a franchise. I think similar research should be made in areas like consumer behaviour and purchasing patterns of the market. Holiday Inn Corporation has to re-evaluate its internal environmental factors like Strengths, Weakness, Opportunities and threats to overcome with a strategic direction adjusting its mission and vision and at the same time maintaining its values. These are the few strategies that holiday inn must adopt to attract more diversified clie ntele. Therefore in order to survive and maintain the brand name holiday inn corporation should be consistent with their excellent service being always innovative. They should also create the role of middle managers and let them to be more innovative. I think the biggest challenge for Holiday Inn is expansion and franchises. The main features of Holiday Inn Corporation should be put as a standard one for the franchisers to follow. Will the franchisers really set the standards followed by Holiday Inn Corporation? What are the efforts that are to be put for the franchisers to follow the standards set by Holiday Inn Corporation? Holiday Inn is also using its technology to its advantage. The interactivity and the real time effects of communication is a good way to find suppliers. CONCLUSION :- Successful strategies always demand a company to choose the market in which their unique capabilities will gain competitive advantage. However the adoptive and incremental context of strategic management means that the company starting point leads the firm to a stable position. Corporate strategies of Holiday Inn have been able to use strategic management to stay in the competition in the global market. I believe that the strategies as well as the leadership styles used by the management of Holiday inn have been the major cause of their competitive position in the hotel market. Though Holiday Inn is considered as a leader in hospitality sector there is a need of flexibility. Slight changes in the market can effect their operations of the business. They should not rely on their past success but instead they should innovative and ready for any future uncertainties. Holiday Inn Corporation focuses on services rather than accommodation itself. I truly agree that the true asset of the organisation is the staff. The staff are the one who represent Holiday Inn hotels through their excellent services. So there is a need to make sure that the staff is always happy with the behavioural integrity of work place. The corporate strategy of Holiday Inn has been able to guide the company from challengers and opportunities that appears in the market environment in order to sustain the competitive advantage. Therefore I think the leaders of the company should continue their style to motivate their employees and become a major asset for the success of the company.

The First World War (WWI) :: World War 1 I One

WWI Web activity   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The propaganda at that time was aimed at was aimed the working class of the U.S. The propaganda was directed to the average person, or people that the government thought would help support the war. My first picture shows a little girl asking her dad to but her a war bond. It trying to imply that every family should go out a get a war bond. That little girl is trying to imply to the world that that buying a war bond is a cute or necessary in order to keep a little girl happy. A father never wants to see his little girl cry so he usually gets her what she wants. The government is trying to imply that everyone has to buy a war bond in order to help the little girl (U.S) in order for it to be happy. So the average person might feel somewhat required to go and buy a war bond to keep the U.S happy. Also the image is trying to show that the little war bond is for a good cause. Little children sometimes try say that they will be good in return for the gift. The reality is that the war bonds weren’t doing anything except letting thousand of soldier die for issue that was happening on the other side of the pacific.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  War is probably something that this little girl didn’t want to promote. But she did and she made it seem like if this was a giant wedding or a happy occasion. But in reality war is this torturous place were one side wins just because they have the better weapons or strategy. But in the process killing thousand s of innocent kids. Also when they die there was no one to give them a proper funeral. They were left there to die in mass graves or were left there for parasites to eat their body.

The House behind a Weeping Cherry: Analysis

The House Behind A Weeping Cherry believe an individual can blame their country for their personal trouble because that country could be a place where people are mistreated by the government. Living in China during the time Of the Cultural Revolution people were persecuted and thrown into prison because they were speaking out against low pay wages and poverty. As in the story â€Å"The House Behind A Weeping Cherry†, Ill was smuggled into this country illegally by a man who seed her and other women in slave labor such as prostitution.Ill was desperate to get out of China because of the ill treatment the peopled faced. She wanted to start a new life in the U. S. Where she would have a chance to make a better life for herself and to make more money to send back to her family in China. Ill was in a trap or a common cycle for women who fall prey to men who take advantage of people who seemingly have no other choices in life. She blamed her country for the situation she finds herse lf in because the country failed the people by causing them to use any means necessary to flee.People were dying from poverty and starvation as well as sickness and disease. They had little or no medical care and the working conditions were poor and unsafe. Ill knew she had to leave China somehow even if it meant being placed in slave labor as a prostitute. During this time in China, the people were fighting and demonstrating in the streets. They were dying for the right to fair treatments as a citizen of China. They were demonstrating for an increase in pay wages so that they would be able to care for their families.As with so many countries, there are different classes of people. The poor people were doing all of the labor and didn't make enough money to visit a doctor's office for a regular physical exam. The people couldn't pay for decent housing and ended up living in huts or in the streets. The government used them unfairly and they didn't seem to care. Ill came into this coun try with the hopes of a better life, but was still being used by the circumstances of her country. Living as a prostitute and having to pay the majority of your earnings to someone else is not the makings of a better life.Using your body to earn a living is even more degrading than living in a country where you are estimated because you are poor. Her life was in the hands Of another person who seemed to have total control. But after meeting someone who gave her hope to break free from the life she was living seemed possible. My struggles were not as serious as Lily's, but I had to make some hard choices in my life. The choice to go to college to attain a degree in Business Administration was a long journey. After the loss of my job and income, living off of unemployment for two years I hit rock bottom.Raising a teenager as a single parent had its challenges of its own. Eventually unemployment ran its course and then losing my coop apartment of 14 years. I understand that as a woman had a choice to either rise through this trial or become like Ill and blame my country because of the failed economy in 2008. But instead of blaming my country and the greedy corporations I chose to rise to the occasion and take action. I can no longer be a victim of circumstance, but can make a difference in my life as well as setting an example for my son by going to college in the midst of our struggle and make a greater life for me and my family.